Steve Herman contributed to the report.

WASHINGTON — Ten U.S. Democratic presidential contenders held a spirited debate Wednesday night in the first major event of the 2020 election campaign, all looking to oust Republican President Donald Trump after a single term in the White House.

The immediate focus was on Sen. Elizabeth Warren, a progressive lawmaker from the northeastern state of Massachusetts who national surveys show has edged closer to former Vice President Joe Biden as a Democratic favorite to oppose Trump in the election set for Nov. 3, 2020.

She told a live audience in Miami, Florida, and millions more watching on national television, “I want to return government to the people.” She added, referring to major corporations, “What’s been missing is courage, courage in Washington to take on the giants. I have the courage to go after them.”

Democratic presidential hopeful Massachusetts Senator Elizabeth Warren participates in the first Democratic primary debate of the 2020 presidential campaign at the Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts in Miami, June 26, 2019.

Later, Warren said she supports a government-run health care system that could end the private insurance-based health care now used in the U.S. Some Democratic candidates and most Republicans, including Trump, oppose such a change as costly and a mistake for the country.

But Warren, a former Harvard law professor, said, “Health care is a basic human right, and I will fight for basic human rights.”

Even with Warren’s strong performance in the two-hour debate, the other candidates had their moments in their attempt to gain a foothold in the unprecedentedly large field of 25 Democratic candidates.

Democratic presidential hopeful former U.S. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Julian Castro speaks in the first Democratic primary debate of the 2020 presidential campaign in Miami, June 26, 2019.

Former U.S. housing chief Julian Castro, Sen. Cory Booker of New Jersey and other contenders called for major changes in U.S. immigration policies, voicing numerous objections to the way Trump has tried to block Central American migrants from entering the U.S. to seek asylum.

“We must not criminalize desperation” of migrants to reach the U.S., said Castro, who frequently began his answers in Spanish before repeating them in English. He said this week’s photo of an El Salvadoran father and his 23-month-old daughter drowning in the Rio Grande River on the southern U.S. border with Mexico “is heart-breaking … and should piss us all off.”

Democratic presidential hopeful U.S. Senator from Minnesota Amy Klobuchar speaks during the first Democratic primary debate of the 2020 presidential campaign at the Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts in Miami, June 26, 2019.

Warren was also joined on the debate stage by Sen. Amy Klobuchar of Minnesota, former Congressman Beto O’Rourke of Texas and five others as they parried each other’s policy planks and aimed verbal shots at Trump and his 29-month White House tenure. 

“Immigrants do not diminish America,” Klobuchar said at one point in a rejoinder to Trump, even as she added that some border restrictions must be kept to stop human traffickers.

Democratic candidates taking part in Wednesday’s debate, being held in Miami, June 26, 2019.

Size up the candidates

For many Americans, it was the first chance to size up many of the Democratic presidential candidates, to see whether they might like any of them as an alternative to Trump, the country’s surprise winner in the 2016 election.

The crowd in Miami, a Democratic stronghold in a state Trump won in the 2016 election, cheered raucously at verbal swipes at Trump, with Washington state Gov. Jay Inslee perhaps drawing the biggest response when he contended that Trump was the world’s biggest security threat to the U.S., while the other candidates gave more traditional answers to the same question, naming Russia, China and global warming.

Another 10 Democratic contenders will debate Thursday night, including Biden and other top-tier possible choices, including Senators Bernie Sanders of Vermont and Kamala Harris of California; Mayor Pete Buttigieg of the Midwestern city of South Bend, Indiana; along with six others.

Candidates taking part in Thursday’s Democratic debate in Miami, June 27, 2019.

A dozen debates

The Democrats are staging a dozen debates over the coming months, well ahead of the first Democratic election contest to eventually pick the party’s presidential nominee: caucus voting in the Midwest farm state of Iowa in the dead of winter next February.

The unwieldy field of candidates, in addition to another five that did not meet the Democratic National Committee’s minimal political standards to merit a spot in the debates, all sense they might have a chance to unseat Trump.

Democratic voters, however, so far seem uncertain of what they are looking for in their party standard-bearer — someone who best represents their political views on such contentious issues as health care, abortion, foreign policy, immigration, taxes and more, or possibly a candidate who has one overriding quality: the best chance of defeating Trump.

Democratic presidential hopeful U.S. Representative from Ohio Tim Ryan speaks during the first Democratic primary debate of the 2020 presidential campaign at the Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts in Miami, June 26, 2019.

One of the contenders, Congressman Tim Ryan of Ohio, a state with large manufacturing plants, said the Democratic Party has a problem in connecting with blue collar workers who helped Trump defeat Democrat Hillary Clinton in the 2016 election.

Ryan pledged in his closing remarks, “When I walk into the Oval Office, you will not be forgotten.”

President Donald Trump, center, reboards Air Force One, after it stopped at Elmendorf Air Force Base near Anchorage, Alaska, on his way to the Group of 20 summit in Osaka, Japan, June 26, 2019.

Trump, as he left Washington for the Group of 20 economic meetings in Japan, said he would watch the Wednesday debate from Air Force One and taunted Biden — who isn’t on the stage until Thursday.

Asked what his expectations were for the debate, Trump told VOA, “I think they’re all going to do very poorly.”

Trump, greeting U.S. service personnel at a refueling stop in Alaska, said, “We have a big debate going on. Just started. I had my choice between you and them and I chose you.”

Democratic presidential hopeful Beto O’Rourke, a former U.S. Representative for Texas’ 16th congressional district, participates in the first Democratic primary debate of the 2020 presidential campaign in Miami, June 26, 2019.

Debate strategy

A key unknown ahead of the debates was whether the Democratic challengers would spend more of their time attacking each other for their differences over policy issues or chiefly aim their political barbs at Trump. They did both. At one point, Castro and O’Rourke, the two candidates from Texas, clashed over their differing approaches to immigration reform.

Some of the Democrats are trying to diminish Biden’s nomination chances, attacking him for his recent recollection that 40 years ago when he was a young U.S. senator, he had working relationships in the Senate with segregationists adamantly opposed to the equality of blacks and whites. But the Wednesday debaters did not mention the issue.

The candidates already have been campaigning for months in the early states where Democrats next year will hold presidential party nominating contests, including Iowa, New Hampshire and South Carolina.

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Crowded Democratic Presidential Field Ready for First Debate video player.

No shoo-in

Despite a robust U.S. economy, a normal election-year barometer favoring an incumbent U.S. president’s re-election, Trump is by no means a shoo-in for a second four-year term.

Polling shows the one-time New York real estate magnate has yet to win over many voters beyond the hard core of populist and Republican voters that has supported him through his 29-month presidency. More voters than not, surveys repeatedly show, disapprove of his performance in office.

U.S. political pundits dismissed Trump’s chances of a victory three years ago, but he could win again.

Democratic presidential hopefuls, from left, Cory Booker and Amy Klobuchar greet supporters as Jay Inslee greets U.S. activist Al Sharpton after the first Democratic primary debate of the 2020 presidential campaign in Miami, June 26, 2019.

At the moment, however, surveys show several Democrats leading the 73-year-old Trump. Biden, who is 76 and was President Barack Obama’s two-term vice president, holds the biggest edge of more than 10 percentage points over Trump. But polls this far ahead of the election are not necessarily predictive and may be just a snapshot of a moment in time.

All of the Democratic presidential candidates, to one degree or another, have staked out positions on key issues they think are important to reshape policy debates in Washington, while at the same time attacking Trump for his views about domestic issues and international relations during his unprecedented presidency.

The Democrats running for the U.S. presidency have broadly adopted a much more expansive liberal role for the federal government than either the more conservative Trump or Republicans who control the Senate. Democrats, in philosophical political agreement with many of their presidential candidates, took control of the House of Representatives in the 2018 congressional elections.

Democratic presidential hopeful Mayor of New York City Bill de Blasio participates in the first Democratic primary debate of the 2020 presidential campaign at the Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts in Miami, June 26, 2019.

Political differences

The Democratic presidential candidates do have policy differences among themselves and often have emphasized a variety of issues they think might help them connect with voters when there is such a large field of candidates.

Warren and Sanders, neck-and-neck in second place behind Biden in nomination surveys, are both pushing for far-reaching changes to the country’s economic policies to help middle-class families, paid for with higher taxes on wealthy people. Warren wants new taxes on people with more than $50 million in assets, while Sanders called this week for wiping out all $1.6 trillion in student college debt.

Biden, to a large degree, has stayed above the fray of debate over policy issues, preferring to present himself as the voice of American stability, a correction to Trump’s unpredictable, tweet-filled presidency.

Mocking Trump’s long-standing political slogan, “Make America Great Again,” Biden recently told voters, “Let’s make America, America again.”

But appearing on the same stage with other Democrats on Thursday may force him to explain and account for his four decades as a Washington political figure and twice-failed presidential campaigns.

The other candidates debating Wednesday included Hawaii Rep. Tulsi Gabbard, New York City Mayor Bill DeBlasio and former Maryland Rep. John Delaney.

Thursday’s list of candidates also includes New York Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand, Colorado Sen. Michael Bennet, former Colorado Gov. John Hickenlooper, California Rep. Eric Swalwell, entrepreneur Andrew Yang and self-help author Marianne Williamson.

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